Optical Communications Questions and Answers – The Semiconductor Injection Laser

This set of Optical Communications Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “The Semiconductor Injection Laser”.

1. Stimulated emission by recombination of injected carriers is encouraged in __________
a) Semiconductor injection laser
b) Gas laser
c) Chemist laser
d) Dye laser
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Stimulated emission by use of optical cavity in crystal structure is used in semiconductor injection diodes. This provides the feedback of protons which gives injection laser many important advantages over other sources like LED’s.

2. In semiconductor injection laser, narrow line bandwidth is of the order?
a) 1 nm or less
b) 4 nm
c) 5 nm
d) 3 nm
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: A narrow line bandwidth of order 1 nm or less is used. This narrow bandwidth is useful in minimizing the effects of material dispersion.

3. Injection laser have a high threshold current density of __________
a) 104Acm-2 and more
b) 102Acm-2
c) 10-2Acm-2
d) 10-3Acm-2
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Injection laser have a high threshold current density of 104Acm-2due to lack of matter and in-efficient light sources. These high current densities are largely utilized in pulse mode in order to minimize junction and thus avert damage.
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4. ηT is known as slope quantum efficiency.
a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: ηD is known as slope quantum efficiency. It gives a measure rate of optical output power change with current and thus it determines slope of output characteristics in the region. So, ηT is referred to as slope quantum efficiency.

5. The total efficiency of an injection laser with GaAs active region is 12%. The applied voltage is 3.6 V and band gap energy for GaAs is 2.34 eV. Determine external power efficiency.
a) 7.8 %
b) 10 %
c) 12 %
d) 6 %
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The total external power efficiency is defined as
η = ηT(Eq/V)*100
= 0.12 (2.34/3.6) *100
= 7.8 %.
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6. In a DH laser, the sides of cavity are formed by _______________
a) Cutting the edges of device
b) Roughening the edges of device
c) Softening the edges of device
d) Covering the sides with ceramics
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: In a DH laser, the sides of cavity are formed by the roughening edges of the device. This is done so as to reduce the unwanted emission in these directions and limit the number of horizontal transversal modes.

7. A particular laser structure is designed so that the active region extends the edges of devices.
a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Laser structures are particularly designed so that the active region does not extend beyond the edges. This is done to reduce problems like difficult heat sinking, lasing from multiple filament in wide active areas, unsuitable light output geometry for efficient coupling and also to reduce required threshold current.
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8. Gain guided laser structure are __________
a) Chemical laser
b) Gas laser
c) DH injection laser
d) Quantum well laser
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: DH injection lasers are known as gain guided laser structure. This is because the optical mode distribution along the junction plane is decided by optical gain.

9. Laser modes are generally separated by few __________
a) Tenths of micrometer
b) Tenths of nanometer
c) Tenths of Pico-meter
d) Tenths of millimeter
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The spacing in between modes is about a few tenths of nanometer. The spacing of the modes depends on optical cavity length where each one corresponds to an integral number of lengths.
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10. The spectral width of emission from the single mode device is __________
a) Smaller than broadened transition line-width
b) Larger than broadened transition line-width
c) Equal the broadened transition line-width
d) Cannot be determined
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: Single mode device has a smaller spectral width as compared to that of broadening transition line-width. This is because for a single-mode operation, the laser optical output must have only a single longitudinal and single transverse mode.

11. Single longitudinal mode operation is obtained by __________
a) Eliminating all transverse mode
b) Eliminating all longitudinal modes
c) Increasing the length of cavity
d) Reducing the length of cavity
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: Single longitudinal mode operation is obtained by reducing the length L of cavity. Length must be reduced until the frequency separation of adjacent modes is given in the equation
δf = c/2nL is larger than gain curve. Then only single mode falling in transition line width will oscillate in laser cavity.

12. A correct DH structure will restrict the vertical width of waveguide region is?
a) 0.5μm.
b) 0.69 μm
c) 0.65 μm
d) Less than 0.4 μm
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The vertical width DH structure should be less than 0.4μm. This allows only fundamental transverse mode and removes any interference of higher order transverse modes on emitted longitudinal waves.

13. The external power efficiency of an injection laser with a GaAs is 13% having band gap energy of 1.64 eV. Determine external power efficiency.
a) 0.198
b) 0.283
c) 0.366
d) 0.467
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The external power efficiency of an injection laser is given by
ηep = ηT (Eq/V)*100
ηT = ηep/100 (v/Eg)
= 13/100 (2.5/1.64)
= 0.198.

Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Optical Communications.

To practice all areas of Optical Communications, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.

If you find a mistake in question / option / answer, kindly take a screenshot and email to [email protected]

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Manish Bhojasia, a technology veteran with 20+ years @ Cisco & Wipro, is Founder and CTO at Sanfoundry. He lives in Bangalore, and focuses on development of Linux Kernel, SAN Technologies, Advanced C, Data Structures & Alogrithms. Stay connected with him at LinkedIn.

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