Embedded Systems Questions and Answers – Formal Verification

This set of Embedded Systems Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Formal Verification”.

1. What is meant by FOL?
a) free order logic
b) fast order logic
c) false order logic
d) first order logic
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: Many formal verification techniques are used and these are classified on the basis of the logics employed. The techniques are propositional logic, first order logic, and higher order logic. The FOL is the abbreviated form of the first order logic which includes the quantification.

2. What is HOL?
a) higher order logic
b) higher order last
c) highly organised logic
d) higher order less
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The formal verification techniques are classified on the basis of the logics employed. The techniques are propositional logic, first order logic, and higher order logic. The HOL is the abbreviation of the higher order logic in which the proofs are automated and manually done with some proof support.

3. What is BDD?
a) boolean decision diagram
b) binary decision diagrams
c) binary decision device
d) binary device diagram
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The binary decision diagram is a kind of data structure which is used to represent the Boolean function.
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4. Which formal verification technique consists of a Boolean formula?
a) HOL
b) FOL
c) Propositional logic
d) Both HOL and FOL
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The propositional logic technique is having the boolean formulas and the boolean function. The tools used in propositional logic is the tautology checker or the equivalence checker which in turn uses the binary decision diagrams which are also known as BDD.

5. Which of the following is also known as equivalence checker?
a) BDD
b) FOL
c) Tautology checker
d) HOL
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The propositional logic technique consists of the boolean formulas and the boolean function. The tools used in this type of logic is the tautology checker or the equivalence checker which in turn uses the BDD or the binary decision diagrams.

6. Which of the following is possible to locate errors in the specification of the future bus protocol?
a) EMC
b) HOL
c) BDD
d) FOL
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The model checking was developed using the binary decision diagram and the BDD and it was possible to locate errors in the specification of the future bus protocol.

7. Which of the following is a popular system for model checking?
a) HOL
b) FOL
c) BDD
d) EMC
View Answer

Answer: d
Explanation: The EMC-system is developed by Clark and it describes the CTL formulas, which is the computational tree logics.
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8. What is CTL?
a) computational tree logic
b) code tree logic
c) cpu tree logic
d) computer tree logic
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The EMC-system is a popular system for model checking which is developed by Clark that describes the CTL formulas, which is also known as computational tree logics. The CTL consist of two parts, a path quantifier, and a state quantifier.

Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Embedded System.

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To practice all areas of Embedded System, here is complete set of 1000+ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers.

If you find a mistake in question / option / answer, kindly take a screenshot and email to [email protected]

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Manish Bhojasia - Founder & CTO at Sanfoundry
Manish Bhojasia, a technology veteran with 20+ years @ Cisco & Wipro, is Founder and CTO at Sanfoundry. He lives in Bangalore, and focuses on development of Linux Kernel, SAN Technologies, Advanced C, Data Structures & Alogrithms. Stay connected with him at LinkedIn.

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