Digital Signal Processing Questions and Answers – Quantization and Coding

This set of Digital Signal Processing Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Quantization and Coding”.

1. The basic task of the A/D converter is to convert a discrete set of digital code words into a continuous range of input amplitudes.
a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The basic task of the A/D converter is to convert a continuous range of input amplitude into a discrete set of digital code words. This conversion involves the processes of Quantization and Coding.

2. What is the type of quantizer, if a Zero is assigned a quantization level?
a) Midrise type
b) Mid tread type
c) Mistreat type
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: If a zero is assigned a quantization level, the quantizer is of the mid treat type.

3. What is the type of quantizer, if a Zero is assigned a decision level?
a) Midrise type
b) Mid tread type
c) Mistreat type
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: If a zero is assigned a decision level, the quantizer is of the midrise type.
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4. What is the term used to describe the range of an A/D converter for bipolar signals?
a) Full scale
b) FSR
c) Full-scale region
d) FS
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The term Full-scale range (FSR) is used to describe the range of an A/D converter for bipolar signals (i.e., signals with both positive and negative amplitudes).

5. What is the term used to describe the range of an A/D converter for uni-polar signals?
a) Full scale
b) FSR
c) Full-scale region
d) FSS
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The term Full scale (FS) is used for uni-polar signals.
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6. What is the fixed range of the quantization error eq(n)?
a) –\(\frac{\Delta}{6}\) < eq(n) ≤ \(\frac{\Delta}{6}\)
b) –\(\frac{\Delta}{4}\) < eq(n) ≤ \(\frac{\Delta}{4}\)
c) –\(\frac{\Delta}{2}\) < eq(n) ≤ \(\frac{\Delta}{2}\)
d) –\(\frac{\Delta}{16}\) < eq(n) ≤ \(\frac{\Delta}{16}\)
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: The quantization error eq(n) is always in the range – \(\frac{\Delta}{2}\) < eq(n) ≤ \(\frac{\Delta}{2}\), where Δ is quantizer step size.

7. If the dynamic range of the signal is smaller than the range of quantizer, the samples that exceed the quantizer are clipped, resulting in large quantization error.
a) True
b) False
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: If the dynamic range of the signal, defined as xmax-xmin, is larger than the range of the quantizer, the samples that exceed the quantizer range are clipped, resulting in a large (greater than \({\Delta}{2}\)) quantization error.
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8. What is the relation defined by the operation of quantizer?
a) xq(n) ≡ Q[x(n)] = \(\hat{x}_k\)
b) xq(n) = Q[x(n)] = \(\hat{x}_k\), if x(n) ∈ Ik
c) xq(k) ≡ Q[x(k)] = \(\hat{x}_k\)
d) none of the mentioned
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: The possible outputs of the quantizer (i.e., the quantization levels) are denoted as \(\hat{x}_1, \hat{x}_2,…\hat{x}_L\). The operation of the quantizer is defined by the relation, xq(n) ≡ Q[x(n)]= \(\hat{x}_k\), if x(n) ∈ Ik.

9. What is the step size or the resolution of an A/D converter?
a) Δ = (R)/2(b+1)
b) Δ = (R)/2(b-1)
c) Δ = (R)/3(b+1)
d) Δ = (R)/2
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: The coding process in an A/D converter assigns a unique binary number to each quantization level. If we have L levels, we need at least L different binary numbers. With a word length of b + 1 bits we can represent 2b+1 distinct binary numbers. Hence we should have 2(b+1) > L or, equivalently, b + 1 > log2 L. Then the step size or the resolution of the A/D converter is given by
Δ = (R)/2(b+1), where R is the range of the quantizer.
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10. In the practical A/D converters, if the first transition may not occur at exactly + 1/2 LSB, then such kind of error is known as ____________
a) Scale-factor error
b) Offset error
c) Linearity error
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer

Answer: b
Explanation: We note that practical A/D converters may have offset error (the first transition may not occur at exactly + 1/2 LSB).

11. In the practical A/D converters, if the difference between the values at which the first transition and the last transition occur is not equal to FS – 2LSB, then such error is known as _________
a) Scale-factor error
b) Offset error
c) Linearity error
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer

Answer: a
Explanation: We note that practical A/D converters scale-factor (or gain) error (the difference between the values at which the first transition and the last transition occur is not equal to FS — 2LSB).

12. In the practical A/D converters, if the differences between transition values are not all equal or uniformly changing, then such error is known as?
a) Scale-factor error
b) Offset error
c) Linearity error
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer

Answer: c
Explanation: We note that practical A/D converters, linearity error (the differences between transition values are not all equal or uniformly changing).

Sanfoundry Global Education & Learning Series – Digital Signal Processing.

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Manish Bhojasia, a technology veteran with 20+ years @ Cisco & Wipro, is Founder and CTO at Sanfoundry. He lives in Bangalore, and focuses on development of Linux Kernel, SAN Technologies, Advanced C, Data Structures & Alogrithms. Stay connected with him at LinkedIn.

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