Compilers Questions and Answers – Top-Down Parsing – 2

This set of Compilers Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Predictive Top-Down Parsing – 2”.

1. Find the TRUE statement?

I.  There exist parsing algorithms for some programming languages which has O(3) complexity.
II.  A programming language which allows recursion can be implemented with static storage allocation.
III. No L-attributed definition can be evaluated in The framework of bottom-up parsing.
IV. Code improving transformations can be performed at both intermediate code level and source Language.

a) I and II
b) I and IV
c) III and IV
d) I III and IV
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2. Which of the following describes a handle (as applicable to LR-parsing) appropriately?
a) Position where next reduce or shift operation will occur
b) The next step has use of Non-terminal for reduction
c) Used for reduction in a coming-up step along with a position in the sentential form where the next shift or reduce operation will occur
d) Used in the next step for reduction along with a position in the sentential form where the right hand side of the production may be found
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3. Which one of the following is a top-down parser?
a) Recursive descent parser
b) Operator precedence parser
c) An LR(k) parser
d) An LALR(k) parser
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4. Which of the following is TRUE?
a) Both P and Q are true
b) P is true and Q is false
c) P is false and Q is true
d) Both P and Q are false
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5. Consider the grammar defined by the following production rules:

    S --> T * P 
    T --> U | T * U
    P --> Q + P | Q
    Q --> Id
    U --> Id

Which one of the following is TRUE?
a) + is left associative, while ∗ is right associative
b) + is right associative, while ∗ is left associative
c) Both + and ∗ are right associative
d) Both + and ∗ are left associative
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6. The grammar A → AA | (A) | e is not suitable for predictive-parsing because the grammar is?
a) Ambiguous
b) Left recursive
c) Right recursive
d) An operator grammar
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7. Consider the grammar.

E → E + n | E × n | n 

For a sentence n + n × n, the handles in the right-sentential form of the reduction are __________
a) n, E + n and E + n × n
b) n, E + n and E + n × n
c) n, n + n and n + n × n
d) n, E + n and E × n
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8. Which grammar rules violate the requirements of an operator grammar?

1.  P → Q R                    
2.  P → Q s R
3.  P → ε       
4.  P → Q t R r

a) 1 only
b) 1 and 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 3 and 4 only
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9. Which of the following suffices to convert an arbitrary CFG to an LL(1) grammar?
a) Removing left Recursive alone
b) Factoring the grammar alone
c) Along with removing left recursion we also perform the factoring of the grammar
d) None of the mentioned
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10. In a bottom-up evaluation of a syntax directed definition its inherited attributes can do which of the following?
a) Always evaluated
b) Can be evaluated if the definition is L attributed
c) Can be evaluated if the definition has synthesized attributes
d) Never be evaluated
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